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Limited vs Unlimited Contracts After the 2022 Reform

Unlimited contracts no longer exist in the mainland UAE — and the gratuity penalties that came with the old system went with them.

What actually happened

Under the old UAE Labour Law (Federal Law 8 of 1980), employment contracts came in two forms, and which one you had made an enormous difference to what you received when you left:

Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021 abolished the distinction. All mainland employment contracts are now fixed-term, and employers were required to migrate existing unlimited contracts onto the new form — a transition that ran to the end of the conversion window in early 2023.

The single most important consequence

The old resignation penalties are gone. Under the current law:

Old law (pre-Feb 2022)Current law
Resign at 2 years⅓ of gratuityFull gratuity
Resign at 4 years⅔ of gratuityFull gratuity
Resign at 6 yearsFull gratuityFull gratuity
Terminated at any point over 1 yearFull gratuityFull gratuity

If you left before February 2022 the old reductions applied to you. If you are leaving now, they do not — regardless of what an older contract template or an out-of-date HR policy says. This is the most common area where employees are underpaid, because so much material online still describes the pre-2022 position.

Calculate your gratuity under the current law →

What a fixed-term contract means in practice now

"Fixed-term" sounds restrictive but the new regime is considerably more flexible than the old limited contract:

Notice still matters

Failing to serve your notice period is still a breach, and your employer can claim compensation in lieu — but that is a separate claim against you, not a reduction of your gratuity. The two must not be conflated, and an employer deducting "resignation penalty" from gratuity is applying a rule that no longer exists. How notice pay works →

What if my contract still says "unlimited"?

Some employees still hold paperwork referring to unlimited contracts, either because the migration was handled poorly or because nobody reissued the document. The label on the paper does not restore the old law. Your entitlements are determined by the legislation in force when your employment ends, not by the terminology in an old template.

If your employer calculates your settlement using the old one-third or two-thirds reduction, that is a straightforward underpayment and a clear basis for a MOHRE complaint. How to file a complaint →

Frequently asked questions

Do unlimited contracts still exist in the UAE?

No. Federal Decree-Law 33/2021 abolished the distinction and made all mainland employment contracts fixed-term. Employers were required to migrate existing unlimited contracts during the transition window that closed in early 2023.

Does resigning from a limited contract reduce my gratuity?

No, not under the current law. The old reductions of one third and two thirds for resigning before five years were abolished in February 2022. Anyone with more than one year of service now receives full gratuity whether they resign or are terminated.

What happens if I break my fixed-term contract early?

You serve the contractual notice period, typically 30 to 90 days. Terminating early with notice is lawful. If you fail to serve notice, your employer may claim compensation in lieu, but that is a separate claim and does not reduce your gratuity.

My contract still says unlimited — which rules apply?

The law in force when your employment ends, which is Federal Decree-Law 33/2021. An outdated label on your paperwork does not revive the old reductions.

Will I get a labour ban if I resign?

Automatic bans for resignation were removed with the 2021 law. Bans now attach to specific circumstances rather than being a routine consequence of leaving a job.

Is my employer allowed to deduct a resignation penalty from my gratuity?

No. There is no such deduction under the current law. If your settlement shows a reduction because you resigned, it is being calculated under repealed rules and you can challenge it.

⚠️ Estimate only — not legal advice. Covers mainland UAE under Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021. DIFC, ADGM and domestic worker arrangements follow separate regimes. Not legal advice.

Related guides

← UAE Final Settlement Calculator

UAE End of Service Calculator

UAE Gratuity Law Explained (Federal Decree-Law 33/2021)

UAE Notice Period Pay: How Much Are You Owed?

Unpaid Salary or Gratuity: How to Complain to MOHRE

UAE Full & Final Settlement: The Complete Guide